EN
Te Taea Utu Tikangia o ngā Punaha Rānaka Rīni Karauna
Te hoahoa inihini mō te mahi taea utu nui
Ko te kaha o te punanga tapa ringlock e hāngai ana ki te āhua o ngā wāhanga e hono ana. Ko ngā pou tuarangi e takotoria ana i waenganui i te haurua mitaara me te mitaara kotahi haurua ka hangaia ngā pūwāhi kaha e paingia ana te taimana ki ngā tātaitanga rerekē. Ko ngā upoko o ngā tahumaero e tohua ana ki ngā koki takitahi ka āwhina ki te whakawhiti i ngā kaha horizontall, kaitea ai ngā wāhi piko kaha pea ki te toru haurua ina mātai ki ngā tūmau māmā tīpako me ngā pāpāhu tāpoka e ai ki te rangahau a Te Rōpū Haumaru Hanga i te tau ki muri. Ko te mea nui i konei ko te āhua e taea ai e tēnei tūmau te pupuri i ngā taimana tuarangi neke atu i te 6 kilonewton per mita katoru, arā pea 612 manokaramu per mita katoro kāore he piko, he whakaroa rānei.
Whakamātautau Rarangi Tūmatanui me ngā Tautohe Taimana Kua Whakapumautia
Kua whakamātauria e te tira tuatoru hei whakaputa i te mahi a Ringlock i ngā tikanga tino kino:
| Whirihoranga | Te Weanga Whiwhinga | Tikanga Whakaaetanga |
|---|---|---|
| Paerewa (puka OD48.3mm) | 396.3 kN | EN 12811-1:2003 |
| Heke-tino (puka OD60.3mm) | 639.1 kN | OSHA 1926.452 |
Ko ēnei whakaritenga mana motuhake e whakaatu ana i te Ringlock hei pūnaha tuanui anake e whakaaetia ana mō ngā kaupapa herehere matua e pā ana ki ngā mahi tārua koncrete me ngā whakaurunga hikoimoa noa atu.
Te whiriwhiri i ngā Tautuhinga mō ngā Hiahia Utu Kaupapa
Ko te whakahaere utu pai te whakauru i te āhua tuanui ki ngā herekore whakahaere:
- Ngā whakamahinga tāpoka : Whakamahia te wāhi takotoranga ￥750 mm me te whatitua tāraro i ia tuarua kaupeka
- Te whakaritenga rāwekenga : Whakaurua ngā paerewa OD60.3mm me ngā pouaka kaha ake mō ngā arawhata e piki ake i te 3 t/㎡
- Te urunga ki ngā whare nui : Tonoa te wāhi kōtaha o 1,000 mm me ngā pou poutū ki te ōrau kōkirikiri o 20:1
Ko ngā raraunga mara mai i ngā kaupapa 47 pareraerangi e whakaatu nei ko te tautuhinga tika e heke iho ai ngā take haumaru umanga 38% pērā anō hoki te tere whakaurunga e 2.1 ngā wā tere ake i ngā pūnaha tuku iho.
Ko te Hāngai Tūmatanui o te Mātai hei Whai Māia i te Painga Roa
Te Hikoikoi Q355 Te Kiri Tuatoru
Ko te pūnaha ringlock e horo ana ki te hikoikoi Q355 nā te mea ka tuku ia i te kaha whakaputa e 20% ake i ngā kowhiringa noa pērā i te hikoikoi Q235 e ai ki ētahi rangahau i tukuna i te tau 2023 e te Pukapuka o Waipapa o te Ao mō ngā Mātai Hanganga. He aha tēnei e arataki ana? Nō reira, ka taea e ēnei wāhanga te kawe i ngā wīra tino nui kei te takiwā o aua hononga pūkete kaua ko te whakarara, ā, āno he kaha e pā ana ki te 75 kilonewtons. Ko tēnei momo tūmatawhānga e nui ana ai hei kōwhiringa pai mō ngā mea pērā i ngā rāpoi, ina koa kei te wīra te take nui, ītina i ngā kaupapa nui pērā i ngā parirau, i ērā atu hanganga anga-putaiao, i reira ko te haumātaotao he mea anuanu.
Te Kawe Parurenga mā te Paru Horoi hei Atawhai i te Parurenga ki ngā Taiao Uaua
I tūhono tētahi ripōtere hou mai te American Galvanizers Association anō i te tau 2022 ki ētahi mea huarā: kei te mana ake te kounga o te hinu hinu parahiko (hot dip galvanized steel) 4 ki te 6 nekehanga ake i ngā kōpae pūwera mētaia ina pā ana ki ngā taiao takotoranga taiapa, pērā i ngā pā ki te tai, noma atu rānei. Ka whai hua te Ringlock i tēnei āhuatanga mā te whakaputa i te 86 microns karaka pūmau i te wā o te tukanga. He aha te mea motuhake kiinei? Nō reira ka hangaia e ia tētahi pātuarangi tiaki e taea hoki e ia te whakaora i a ia anō i te wā. Arānei, ko ngā wāhi matua herekore o ngā hanganga e hui mai ai ngā pānga, pērā i ngā hononga rosette me ngā kōpae tuarā, ka tiakina i te korairaka mō wā roa ake i ētahi atu tikanga kōpae.
Ko te Ora Roa i raro i te Whakamahi Taumaha Ngawari
E ai ki ngā tāwhaiwhai i whakamahia e te Rōpū Hangarau o Eropi i te 2023, ko ngā pūnaha ringlock e mau ana i te 98 miriona kotahi rau tauwaru ō rātou kaha tuatahi i muri i te nuinga i te 1,500 huringa uta. He mea whakamīharo tēnei mōhio mātai i te whakarewa ki ngā tauranga papa tāwai tūmau e iti ake nei te mahi. He nui hoki te rerekētanga – he 42% te pai ake o te mahinga. He aha te mea e wātea ai ēnei pūnaha? Nō reira ka hāngai ki te ara e whakamahia ana te hiriwa Q355 i ngā pēhanga whakamutunga kia kaua e pakaru, tahi ana ki ngā painga tiaki mai i te whakapari i te pānga ki te pākiwaitara. Ko ēnei take e rua e tuku ana i ēnei hanganga kia ora ai ake i te 25 tau i ngā takotoranga uaua e whakamahia ana tonu, whakarerehua pea ngā pūmanawa e whakatika ana i ngā mahi arataki.
Ngā vanteki Mātai, Whai mātai, me te Mahi Manawa i ngā Kaupapa Nui
Iti ake ngā Hapa Huihuinga me te Hoahoa Taurite Kākā
Kua whakakorekia ngā wāhanga morearea pērā i ngā kawhata me ngā parirau e te hoahoa raihana huinga-kume, ka iti ake ngā hapa tūhuratanga ki te 60% mō te nuinga i ngā punaha tikanga (Te Pūrongo Haumaru Hanga 2023). Ko te aronga honohono e whakarite ana i te tukutuku tika, ka tere ake te tīmatanga kaore i te whakaroa i te kounga o te hanganga. Ka taea e ngā kapa te tūhura i ngā whirinakitanga herenga ki te 30% ake te tere, me te mātauranga iti anō e hiahiatia ana.
Te arataki ki ngā Tīmataka Haumaru EN 12811 me OSHA
Ko ngā punaha Ringlock i te wā oianei e whai ana i ngā ture whakamātautau koretake EN 12811-1 me ngā paerewa haumaru OSHA 1926.451 mō te mahi pītini, ā, ka rere kei te 4 kN ia mita tapawhā o te wēra ora e taraiwa ana tōna kaha ki runga i ngā mata. Kei te mahi pai ake ngā waeonga kua korarotia i roto i ēnei punaha i ngā whakamātautau ake anō i te herekore e hiahiatia ana, nā reira ko ngā kōwhiringa pai noa mō ngā taiao uaua pērā i ngā rohe taiapa, ngā toihanga rānei e noho ana te ua kōpara me ngā matūpuku. Ka mau tonu te whakapono ki ēnei waeonga ahakoa kua whakamahia anō rānei i ngā rautau, i te wā heke iho i te 500 wā kaua he wareware nui. Ko ngā tirohanga ā-toroa e manaakitia ai kia mau tonu te arataki i te ao katoa o ngā matū, he mea tino nui tēnā mō ngā kaupapa hanga nui e roa ana i ngā marama, i ngā tau hoki e hiahiatia ana ngā tuhinga haumaru tatauranga mō ngā kaiwhakahaere kaupapa me ngā kaiārahi wāhi.
Te Taurite i waenganui i te Utu me te Rawa Ake i te Roa: Ringlock vs. Ngā Pītini Tuku Iho
Ko ngā punaha Ringlock e utu ana pea i te 15 ki te 20 ōrau ake i ngā kowhiringa tūmau māmā, engari titiro ki te ahunga whānui ake ka rerekē te tauānga. I runga i tō rātou koiora, ka penapena ēnei punaha i te haurua o ngā utu katoa pērā i te wā e pakari ai ngā kaimahi, kāore he hiahia nui ki te whakatika i ngā hara, me te roa o ngā waeonga e tekau whai paku noa iho i mua i te hiahia ki te whakakapi. I ētahi rangahau hou mai i te ao hanga i te 2024 ka kitea ko ngā mahi e pau ana heke i te tekau mā rua wiki i penapena i te 18% o te moni i te matapae ina whakamahia ngā ringawhanga ringlock. Coo? Nā te mea he tino maroke te whakauru me te wehe, tāpiripiri he iti noa ngā waeonga e ngaro ana i te wā o te tukanga. A kei te tino taumata atu tētahi take e kōrerotia ana nei i ēnei rā ko te āhua e mahi tahi ana ēnei punaha me ngā pūmanawa arataki taupānga wāriua hōhonu e pai ai te whakahaere i ngā rauemi mō ngā wāhi mahi nui e neke haere ana i ngā rau waeonga i ia wā.
He Tūwāhi Matua a Ringlock Scaffold i ngā Kaupapa Pūngao me ngā Tautohe Mātai
Āwhina i te Mahi Taumaha ki ngā Pūmahara Hiko me ngā Whare Pāpaku
Kua kōkiri te rōpū ringi ki te ahumahi pūngao ina hiahiatia ana e ngā hanganga kia tū against ngā pēkinga taumaha. Ko te āhuatanga momotua ka taea e ēnei rōpū te tautoko i te 7 kilonewtons ia mitarau tapawhā, e pai ana mō ngā mea pērā i te tiaki i ngā takotoranga turubani, te mahi i ngā arataki pāpaku, me te whakauru i ngā pūmahi. Ko te mea e wehenga ai tēnei rōpū ko te hui anuanu o ngā wāhanga paerewa tino marie hui tahi, ā, āta huihui ai hoki ina heke ana ki ngā āhua keke i ngā wāhi mātai. Kua kitea e 30 ōrau te itinga o ngā wā huihuinga ina hiahiatia e ngā pūmahara te whakapai ake i ngā taputapu, ahakoa he rerekē ngā oranga e hāngai ana ki ngā tikanga o te wāhi.
Haumanu Ake i ngā Wāhi Mātai Iti me te Painga Raru
Ko te punaha tukutuku tukutuku e āki ai ngā mōrearea herehere i ngā wāhi iti pērā i ngā rūma arotāke nā te mea kāore e horoi ana ki ngā totohu hei hononga. Kua whakauruhia e ngā whakaritenga ngā rārangi tiaki i te taha me ngā arataki kāore e pakaru, e whai māna ana ki ngā tikanga OSHA 1926.451 e pā ana ki te tiaki i te hinga. Ka paingia ngā papa whakapaku ki ngā wae hotonui kua karawhetaia nā te mea e tino mau ana atu ki te korero o te hāora hāpaitia. Mā te titiro ki ngā tau mai i tētahi rangahau haumaru umanga hou i te 2022, i kitea ko ngā wāhi mahi i huri ki te ringlock scaffolding i te nuinga o te 60% iti ake ngā hinga me ngā pakaru nei i ngā wāhi e whakamahi ana i ngā tikanga tawhito ake. Ko te ahunga whakapai pēnei e nui ana te take ina kei te nekeneke tonu ngā kaimahi ki ngā taiao kino.
Te Iti iho i te Wā Tū Kore mā te Hoahoa Pakari me te Whakamahi Anō
Kua whakaritea mō ngā whakamahinga e 500 e pa ana ki te EN 12811, ko ngā wae kōpae o Ringlock e toru ngā wā ake te roa i ngā tūāpapa kwikstage i ngā taiao hamumu. Kua ripoata ngā kapa o ngā pūmahara hiko mō te 40% heke iho te wā e nekehana ai nā te hanganga kore taputapu, ka hua ai te 18% heke iho i te wā o ngā wāhi kore hiko. Ko te hanga mua ka heke i te 72% te tau o ngā wae waea i runga i ngā wae e rima tau kei ngā pūmahara parahohe, ka heke hoki te utu ake mō te tiaki.
Nga Pātai Ake (FAQs)
He aha te Tūāpapa Ringlock?
Ko te tūāpapa ringlock he punaha tūāpapa āhuatanga e tohu ana i te uara iti ake me ngā āhuatanga haumaru tērā i ngā tūāpapa tuanui me ngā pākiuru.
He aha te take e pīrangi ai ki te tūāpapa ringlock mō ngā kaupapa nui?
E tuku ana i te hanganga marie, te uara iti ake, ngā matūtū pūmau, te aronga ki ngā ture haumaru, me te whai pānga ki te moni mō te wā roa, nō reira he mea tino pai mō ngā kaupapa hanga nui me ngā kaupapa ahumahi.
He aha ngā matūtū e whakamahia ana i ngā punaha Ringlock?
Ko ngā pūnaha Ringlock e whakamahia ana i te hinu Q355 kaha teitei, ā, kua huapae kōmako mā te hohonu kia pai ake te roa o te ora me te manawaranga ki te korairai.