EN
Te Maru o te Hoahoa Paepae Ringlock mō ngā Aratika Kāore i te Taua
te hononga rosette 360° e whakaae ana i te ahunga kōpiko maru me te tukutuku anuanu
Ko te mea e whaiāhua ai te Ringlock ki te aratika ko tōna konehine rosette motuhake e hāngai ana i te 360 neehu me ngā wāhi hononga waru e ū ana. Ko ngā tikanga tawhito ka pouaka ki te 90 neehu, engari tēnei hoahoa hou e āwhina ai i ngā kaimahi kia rerekētia ngā kona i waenganui i te 15 ki te 75 neehu. Arā, ka taea e te pāpaku te whai āhua āhua pērā i ngā papa tuarangi, ngā hanganga piramiti, ngā mata o ngā whare kurupae, me ētahi atu āhua māmātua anuanu, ina kaua e ngaro te kaha ina ahu mai ngā kaha kore-taurite, ina tapiri ana ngā kaha pakaru. Ko te punoka wedge he mea hurihuri anō hoki. Kotahi anake te patunga ki te toki ka pouaka katoa kia mau, kāore he hiahia ki ētahi atu taputapu. Kāore he take anō mō ngā wāhanga morearea e ngaro ana i te wā o te mahi ki ngā mata pīroiroi. E ai ki tētahi rangahau i tākarotia ki te Construction Innovation Journal tau ki muri, kei te iti ake te wā whakauru mai i te haurua mōhio ki ngā tikanga tūpahi tawhito. Anō hoki, ka pupuri i te pūmahara ahakoa kāore ngā uta e wehe ana taurite.
Te āhua mōhiotia ki ngā mata whatu, ngā taurapa, me ngā āhuatanga takirua i roto i ngā hoahoa
Ko ngā wae kauwhata o Ringlock, e mōhiotia ana engari he nui te whirihoranga, e hoatu ana i te āhua mōhiotia i roto i ēnei āhuatanga toru matarau o te hoahoa:
- Ngā mata whatu : Ko ngā paerewa tuarā e wehe ana ki te 500mm ka taea ai te tukutuku tika ki ngā mata piko, pērā i aua e kitea ana i ngā hoahoa rerehua huna i ngā mahi a Zaha Hadid—mā te tukutahi haumanu o ngā arai me te whakarahi anō i ngā karu
- Tautoko taurapa : Ko ngā tohu tukutuku diagonal kua whanaketia hei toronga tūmatanui i waho atu i ngā rerekētanga tikanga, pērā i te 18 mita o te taurapa kore e tautoko ana i te Tāpoi o Jewel Changi i Singapore
- Ngā tāpiritanga takirua : Ko ngā kono kume kua hangaia i mua e hono ana tika ki ngā hoahoa e uru ana ki te BIM, e tautoko ana i ngā tauira parakia, ngā rārangi kāore e huringa, me ngā āhua kua hangaia mā ngā rāwekenga
Ka taea e te pūnaha te whakauru i ngā āhuatanga takirua tae atu ki te 35° mā te kore whakapae—nō reira he mea nui rawa ia mō ngā whakaritenga tuku iho kei reira ka herekenga ngā hanganga e tika ana ki te tōiri aha o te wā. Ko tēnei whakarerekētanga e 28% te itinga o ngā rauemi i runga i ngā kaupapa herenga (Te Pūrongo Arotake Tūāpapa Ao 2024), nā te mea ka whakamahia anō ngā wāhanga i roto i ngā wāhanga me ngā āhuatanga āhuarangi.
Te Mahi Ahumāra me te Arataki i ngā Huinga Ringlock Kāore i te Tata
Te Whakamana i te Ara Tāpoi EN 12811-1 i raro i te Tāpoi Māwhiti me te Tāpoi Puta
Ina heke ana ki ngā hanganga anamorfi e whai karu, ngā tauranga takotoranga, i te takotoranga āhuatia, kei te huringa ngā inžiniera i ngā wero mai i te torikanga me ngā utauta kore-pūtahi e hiahiatia ana te tirohanga tino arataki mō EN 12811-1. Mō ēnei tautau pīroiroi, ka nui aha te whakamahinga o te tātai ira mutunga (finite element analysis) hei ārahi i te ara o ngā uta e rere ana i roto i te hanganga, hei kimihia i ngā wāhi e tipu ai te pararaihana ki ngā wāhi hono, me te whakapono kia kaua te māmātanga e neke ake i te 1/500th o te roa tōpuni. Me taea e ngā matapae te kawe i te pēhitanga o te 235 MPa taua nei i ngā pūkenga kore-taurite. I te wā o ngā wā tahumaero, ko ngā taputapu ine-hiko (strain gauges) e tāpiri ana hei inea i ngā takotoranga ā-ture ki ngā whakaaturanga onamata. Ko te arataki i ēnei tikanga hei pupuri i ngā paerewa haumaru, kāore ika tonu ina tū kaha katoa, engari anō hoki ina heke ana ki ngā nekenga mai i ngā hau popokai e totohu ana ki ngā whare, i ngā kāuta e noho paku ana ki roto i ngā wharepūmahara.
Ngā Rautaki Tāwhai Aronga me te Whakanuitanga Pakari: Ngā Akoranga mai i ngā Hanga Nui Herenga
Ko te tāwhai aronga ko te pūkenga matua mō te pakari i ngā whakaurunga Ringlock kore āhuatanga. Ko ngā rautaki kua whakamatauria ki te marae ko:
- Te nekehanga o te tāwhai aronga : Ko te whakaputangia haora rua i te tata o ngā wāhi takotoranga taketake—pērā i ngā wāhi hono kōpiko-ki-tapa rite—ka piki ake te manawaroa ki te porokawa
- Te whakakaha i ngā pūtau : Ko te tāpiri i ngā hepara pouaka 90° ki ngā rosette matua e whakapai ai i te wehenga uta kore tikanga, ā, ka iti ake te huri ake o ngā hononga
- Te whakarerekenga kōtui : Ko ngā papamotu tōmua e taea ai ngā āhuatanga takotoranga ake ki te 15°, ka whakaritea te tuku uara tuarangi kaua ko ngā tapa tāpoi, i te kāwai rānei motuhake
Kua kitea tētahi aronga kua tahuri (engari kāore i te ōrite te tata) e mōhiotia ana hei here i ngā titi kiriata ki ngā pou e piki ake i te 50m—ka noho pakari tonu hoki i raro i ngā pānga kākāriki 6 kN/m².
Te Ingaere Mua-i-te-Huringa me te Whakaturanga mō ngā Kaupapa Here Wātea Ringlock Herenga
Whakawhitinga hoahoa i te BIM, tēnei huinga wā e whā, me te rapu takotoranga kia tika ai te whakauru
Ina te nuinga o ngā kaupapa herehere Ringlock pīroiroi, i huri tōtata te Āhua Mōhiohio Whare (BIM) i tō mātou ara ki te whaiwhai i te takotoranga. Mā te BIM, ka taea e ngā inije ana te hanga i ngā tauira mariko o ēnei āhuatanga pīroiroi roa i mua i te wā ka wehe ia wāhanga atu i te tāone whakaputa. Ko te take matua he te kākahu anuanu ake i ngā wāhanga herehere me ētahi atu wāhanga pūtahitanga pērā i ngā taiepa hou, ngā totohu takotoranga, me ngā wāhi whakawhitinga MEP kei te whare katoa. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau a te ahumahi mā tēnei ara aukati kaite kia iti ake te mahi anō e te 15 ki te 20 ōrau, e hua ana ki ngā penihana nui i te wā. Ka whai mai te tātai āhuarangi e whā, i reira ka uru te wā ki roto i te āhua. Mā tēnei ka taea e ngā timatanga te whakaarataku i te aha rawa pea ka hangaia ngā wāhanga rerekē tapawhā i ngā āhuatanga uaua pērā i ngā hanganga poutama, i ngā whare hoki e māmā ana. He aha te mea e nui ai tēnei katoa? Nō reira, ko te āhuatanga o te whakamātau matihiko kia tae mai ngā rauemi i te wā e hiahiatia ana, kia iti ake ngā whakatika mōrearea ki te wāhi, me te nuinga o ngā wāhi tāone pakari, i ngā whare hōhonu rānei kei te tinihanga kaua ko ngā hapa iti (i raro i te 50mm) e hinga ai ki ngā haerenga tiaki.
Te ārainga o te tāngata pūkenga me ngā here whakarāunga mō ngā mahere inuara e hāngai ake ana i ngā tohutohu mō te punaha paerewa
Ka mōhiotia anake ngā tohutohu mō te punaha Ringlock paerewa ki ngā whirihoranga taketake, taurite. Ko ia whakarerekē—pērā i ngā rārangi kurupae, ngā pou tokotoru >3m, ngā āhuatanga >5°, i te nuinga o ngā wero >24 kN—me whakamana mā te inuara mātai me te ārainga e te Tāngata Pūkenga whakapumautia. Ko ana kaipapa ko:
- Te whakamātau iho i ngā tūkinotanga motuhake mō te paringa marino, te pānga atu ki te takotoranga whenua, me te wehenga atu ki ngā hanganga e pā ana
- Te whakarāranga i ngā mahere tāwhai ritenga hei whakahaere i te toro me te nekenga tāwhai
- Te whakarite i ngā raihana takitahi, pērā i ngā turanga pou, i ngā paparanga kaha rānei
Ina neke ake te pātene i ngā mea e kiia ana ko te matua mātau e ai ki ngā aratohu NASC TG20:21, ā, ko ēnei ko ngā arataki whakauru e waru mita, i te roa, i ngā hanganga rānei e hiahiatia ana kia mau i te tētahi pikinga e waru tekau mā whā kilonewtons ki tētahi wāhi, ka herea e te ture kia whai ngā tuhinga inuwhenua. Kāore hoki ngā tuhinga e hiahia ana kia tohua anake i tētahi rārangi. E ai ki ngā tauānga hōhonu mai i te Tari Hauora me te Haumātao i tō rātou pūrongo 2023, penei rā te rua hautoru o ngā hinganga pātene katoa ka hinga pea nā te kore whakaritenga. Nō reira, me kī atu ko te urupare i ngā tohunga i mua i te whakapumautanga o ētahi mea herenga, kāore i te kōwhiringa—ko te mea e hiahiatia ana mō te haumātao.
FAQ
He aha te Tūāpapa Ringlock?
Ko te pātene Ringlock he punaha momotua e mōhiotia ana mō tana konekita rosette e hāngai ana i te 360-paerenga, e taea ai ngā whakarerekenga ki ngā takotoranga rereke. Ka whakamahia tēnei punaha hei hanga pātene mā runga i ngā āhua whare e kore e rite.
Me pēhea te whakanui ake i te haumātao me te uara o te punaha Ringlock?
Ko te Ringlock scaffolding e whakapai ake ana i te haumātao ki te puna pātene korekau, e iti ai te mōrearea o ngā wāhanga e pakaru ana. Ko te āhuatanga hoki he whakapai ake i te tūmanako mā te poto i te wā whakauru ki te hawhe mā te huarahi tuku iho.
Mō āhea āhuatanga whare e taea ana te whakarereketanga mō Ringlock?
E taea ana e te Ringlock scaffolding te whakarereke mō ngā mataaho ā-ahua, ngā tautoko takirua, me ngā whakaurunga paramita, nā reira koinei te mea tino pai mō ngā kaupapa hangarau herenga.
He aha te take e nui ana te mātai mohio mō ngā kaupapa Ringlock herengia?
Ko te mātai mohio e tiaki ana kia tutuki ngā tautuhinga scaffolding i ngā paerewa haumātao. Ko te whai kiko he tātaritanga mōrearea motuhake mō te wāhi, hoahoa taurewa ritenga, me te tohu i ngā raihana rerekē kia arai ai i ngā hinganga.