Iziphawu Ezikhethekileyo Zokusebenzisa Iindlela Eziqhelekileyo ZeGalvanized

Ukuvikela Okungcono Kukuthutha Ukusebenza Kwezimboni Zokuphuma Kudinga Ixesha Elide

Indlela Imvume Yezinkunzi Ivikela Isilonda Sokuphuma

Izici ezithile zezink zenza izikhumba ze-ladder ezigalvaniswe zibe nzima kakhulu ekuphuleni nokuchithwa. Uma kubekwa emoyeni, ikhanda lezinc likhulula kuqala, linikeza isikrini esihlenza ubudlelwane bwezistel phansi. Lokhu kusebenza ngokukhanya kuzindawo ezilungile, njengezindawo apho kususwa noma kudityaniswa izikhumba. Okuhlanzekelayo akuyona kuphela umugqa wensimbi. Idata yesivikeli ibonisa ukuthi izistel ezihlanzekelayo yezinc zibalasele ngama-10 kuze kube ngu-20 ngokulinganayo kunazo ezizenzakalelayo ezingahlaziywanga. Kunezidingo zonke izinhlaka ezidinga ukuba zisebenze ngempela kumoya nezinkinga ngeminyaka engaphezu.

Ukukhathazeka Kwezistel Ezigalvaniswe Emoyeni Ophakeme Kwezimali

Emasimini enenhliziyo kungaphezu kwe-85%, izikhamphu zegalvanized zibambe 98% yobuchwepheshe bawo ngemuva kweminyaka engu-15. Ukuhlaziywa kukhombisa kuphumula 0.2% komfanekiso okuhlukile kusuka ku-12% kwezinye ezithunyelwayo. Lokhu kubulala kungaphakade kungakhona ngoba i-zinc inokuthi idale isigaba esiqinile sokuthutha okungavimbi ukungena kwamanzi, ekugcineni imfundo emandla emasimini amuhle.

Ukusebenza Ngaphansi Kokuqina Nezimo ZaseNtshonalanga

Izinkamba zegilazi ezigalvanized zingaqina ikhilibhori elinesikhathi esingu-10 kunazo ezinye ezithunyelwayo ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale ukuthutha. Idatha yesimilo se ntshonalanga sibonisa le ngxenye:

Leli bude bekuphila libangela ukuthi igolide egalvanized ibe yisici esihle kakhulu yize ngezimali nezimali zentshonalanga.

Inhloso Yokulungisa Ngokwebo Kwezinkciyo Zezinkciyo ZesiZinc Uma Kukhona Ukugayayo Okuncane Kwesihlangothini

Izinc ciyo zinikeza ukuphepha okusebenzayo kuzikhala ezide ngaphezu kwemitha engu-1 ngenkathi iyonikhi ihambela, ngakho-ke iyakulungisa ngokwebo ukugaywa okuncane ngaphandle kokuthintana. Leli gama lokulungisa ngokwebo lusindisa ububanzi beziciyo futhi lukhinda ukugaywa phansi kwefilimu—lo ngumphakathi omubi wamathuba amakhala athinta kuphela ngemithambo yobumbano.

Ukulinganisa Nezimbi Ezakhelwe Kuphela Noma Ezingafolwanga Ngokushiywa Yizimbi Ezahlukene

Ukunquma kwezinsuku zokusebenza kubonisa ukuthi izimbi ezigalvaniswe zidinga ukucopheleka okuncane ngokusheshayo ku-80% kunazo ezinye eziyisisekelo. Nakuba izimbi ezingafolwanga ziqhubeka ngisho ngezingu-5 emasavanini, izimbi ezigalvaniswe ziqhubeka nokusebenza kahle ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-30 (Idatha yesifundla).

Ubunikazi Obude Okanye Isimo Sokusebenza Ekusebenzeni Kakhulu

Ubunikazi Bezimbi Ezigalvaniswe Ekubeni Kuyakha Ngokuguquguqukayo Kwendawo

Izimboni zokuphendula ezizilawuliwe ziphumelela kakhulu phakathi kwezinkelinga eziphuthumayo (–40°F ukuya ku 200°F), ngokungathi kune-thermal expansion coefficient esingelaphi nesityebi. Lokhu kubambisana kukhinda ukulahlekelwa kwesithili ngemva kokufa nokuthanda. Kuzindlela zase-Arktiki, izimboni ezizilawuliwe zange zahlale ne-99% yomlawuli wabo emva kwezimali ezingu-5,000 zezinkelinga, zihlukile kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlelo ezinezibuko ngama-73%.

Ukugcinwa Okude Emphileni Yezimali

Imigodolo ivikelela ukongeza kwe-50% emva kokubuyiselwa uma kusetshenziswa izimboni zokuphendula ezizilawuliwe. Isimo esinamandla wesinkinga sikhuselela izindawo ezibalasekile njengezibindi nezinqamuzi kusosayithi sokushisa. Izikhalo zokwakha izixeko ezisebenzisa lezi zinto zazilahlela izindleko zokuhlela ngamnyaka ngo-$18 ngaline elilodwa (idatha ye-NACE 2022).

Ukusebenza Okudala Ngemva Kokuchazwa Kwemigodolo

Kumjikelezo wesibhakabhaka esiphakeme kusihla, okugcine ukudala ngeminyaka engama-15, abasebenzi bakhetho baphathwa ngokuthi kungakanani izikhumba zezilonda ezingalimini ezisetshenzisiwe kulo mjikelezo. Noma kunikwa kwindiza yomoya wamanzi amnyama emanzini manje, lezi zikhumba zazisebenza ngama-92% yesilinganiso sesithupha sakho phambi kokulima. Kukhona nezinye izimo eziphiqizwa kuzindiza zomhlaba obusha apho abasebenzi babeka izinto ezingalimini ephila ngaphezu kwamashumi amathathu angamashumi na-30 ngenkathi azungeze kulinwa. Izimpundu ezenziwa zazincane kakhulu, zazilingana ngezansi kusemi-millimeter engaphansi kwesilinganiso. Lonke lo mkhuba wempilo uyafanana kahle no-ASTM A123 okuchazwa ngalo izinto efunwayo ukuqina kuzimfanelo ezinhleliwe. Kubo bonke abasebenzisa kumjikelezweni emanzini amnyama noma emidumini, le mininingwane ihlinzekisa ngokwempela ubunzima bezindlela zokulima ezifakiwe ngendlela efanele.

Ukususa Kulungileyo Nezimali Ezinconyiweyo Zezikhumba Zelonda Ezingalimini

Ubunzima Bokukhanyiselwa Ngokulindela Kwe-Corrosion Nokulindela Kwe-Oxidation

Izinqayi zezinkci ziya kusebenza kakhulu ekulondolozeni isteel ukungakwati ngokuphula lezi zinkinga zocorrosion ngaphambi kokuba ziqhubekise ukulahlekelwa kwebomu yemitholampilo. Kuneziviko ezinezilongo ezingcwele. Isahluko samandla esinamathuba sasezincayini sabeka amandla akhe konke noma kunjalo emva kukaqhuba okuningi kwezikhathi kwizalazipho zengcango. Lezi zingcingo zibala isigaba esihle sokulinda izinto ezifuna ukudonsa imipholo yemitholampilo ngexesha elide. Zimema le mboni engavumelekanga yokudonsa apho ezinye iinxalenye ziphakama. Kwaye lona into ethile eyayisebenzisa ngokwenza izincayi: nokuba kukhona izikhatha ezincinci okanye ukuchithwa kwisurfesi, le ndawo inayo indlela yokulungisa ngokujongana, okunceda ukugcinwa kwebophelo obupheleleyo bezo nto ayilondoloza.

Ukunciphisa Inkohlakalo Yokuvala Emaseleni Nezimali Ezithe phezu Kwemitholampilo

Amabhilimi e-ladder ezincwayo ayasebenza kahle emakhaya aphuthumayo lapho ubude bethalayi obunjalo buphazamisa kakhulu, cabanga amagugu e-oil offshore noma izindawo zokwakha kuzo kugcinwa izinhlelo zokubutha lapho umoya ophakeme we-salt uphazamisa izinto. Xa kubhekwa izindawo zokwakha ezinemfula, abasebenzi basebenzisana nokuthi lezi zibilimi ezivalelwe ngazinki kudinga ukulungiswa kuphela ngama-28 ngaphandle kuka-100 kunjalo nezinye eziphathelene ngokupowda kufuna ukulungiswa okuphakade. Ukuvikelwa kwezibhubhu kusho ukuthi ubunzima bokwakha buhlala buthe hlanu, ngakho ke izindlela zokuhamba azisagi yini futhi izihambi zilandelayo zihlale ziqinile nangenye indeni yokuthinta kwemifula engcono nezizakhamuzi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu xa kusobala ukuphepha.

Ukwenza Okuncane Kukulungiswa Nezimali Efanayo Ngendeni

Izimphakathi Zokulungiswa Kwesithalashi Esincayo Kunazo Ezinye Ezivalelwe

Ngokwemibhalo yezeminyango engu-2023 ngamathuba eziqobo, kudinga umsebenzi wokulungisa okungenani kwizishunqu ezintathu kwezine kumasebe amahala angalitholanga ukuphakanyiswa njengoko akhona kumahlathi. Yini eyenzela lokhu? I-zinc ibondisa ngendlela yomkhiqizo kumsebe phansi kwayo, ngakho akudingeki ukubhala kabusha nguye nguye ngonyaka. Ukubhala kungakhathalanga kuhlaza nokuthinta ngokuphindaphindi njengoko kwenza i-galvanization. Kuzindawo ezikholo kulula ukufika kuzo ngokukhawuleza, njengezinqatha zempilongo phezulu noma emagunyeni aphakade enhlwathi, lokhu kusho ukuthi abasebenzi abancane kuphela kumele bafune izindlela zokulungisa. Izinkinga zokhuseleko ziphazamiseka futhi izici zamathuba ziyoba mlando ngoba amagunya okulungisa ayikulungeki ukathenga izikhathi eziningi kuzo zizindawo eziphambili.

Iindleko nezimali ezotholiwa kuzimemo kanye namaxesha ekulungiseni

Ngokwesilingo esisha ngemali yokuphatha umphakathi wezinfrastruxhura ngo-2023, izimboni zokuphendula ezizinzaniweyo zazidla imali eziphakeme kakhulu, zazisusa ukukhokha kwamandla phakathi kwe-40 kuze kube-60% kunazo ezinye izinkuni eziqashelwe. Imali efakiweyiwa kususelwa ekungabikho konke okufunekayo ukulunga okuhlwa ngexesha elishumi kanye ngonyaka okufunekayo yizinto ezinjengoko isteel ebheshiweyo, ngaphezu koko ukulungisa kancane kakhulu. Izinxenye ezininzi ezinzaniweyo zasebenza ngaphezu kwezingu-35 ngaphandle kokudinga ukulungiswa okunjalo. Abaphathisi basezindlu zomlando zilandela futhi ukuguquka kwezimali zabo. Iingcaciso ezithile zibonisa ukuthi iindawo ezithile zomlando ziyishiyele izinto eziphumelelayo ezingu-80% ezazifundiswa ukuba ziqhubeka ukulungiswa kuzona indlela engeyiyo ukuhlala kuzo indlela ethintela ukuphumelela. Amarekhodi angama-12 ayavikela le ndlela ngempahla.

Izisombululo Ezihlakaniphileyo Nezinconywayo Ukufakelwa Kwizixhobo Zangaphandle Nezomlando

Ukusetshenziswa KweSteel Ezenzaniweyo Kuziladi Nezindlela Zokuhamba Kwizindawo Ezomlando

Izimboni zengcambu ezizilindile zingcono kakhulu kodwa ingezima ukubamba ubunzima obukhulu, lokhu kuyakha kakhulu emehlweni yemfundo ephathelene ngokwehlukanwe. Indlela lezi zimboni zenzelwe ngamafomodhuli kusiza kakhulu ekubekeni okunye-nye emakhaya apholile njengezimali zokwakha noma izindawo ezinkulu zokwakha. Akudingeki ukuthembeka ngezibhedele eziphilayo noma ukugaya kuqala ngoba konke kuxhunyushwa ngemisebenzi eyisiseko. Lokhu kunceda inzuzo yokusebenza ngaphandle kokuphindaphindiwa kwezikhathi esebenza ngazo ngokuvamile? Futhi kunezinkinga ezenziwa ngendlela yokuba kufanele kube khona imithetho ye-OSHA ngempilo futhi akukho muntu ofuna ukucindezela ngokuhlanganisa izinkinga emva kwesikhathi.

Imisebenzi Emasimini Nasezindaweni Ezinobuchopho Obungcono

Izimboni zengubo ezinzululwayo zinezinkcazo zenkciyo ezingcono kakhulu kumkhwebo wesimilo eside, izikhumba ezihlangothi, nezinkinga zempilo ezihlukene ukusuka ku-minus 40 degrees Fahrenheit kuze kube ngu-150 degrees. Ngokomzekelo, konke okuthile kuzimboni ezifakelwe e-refinery yasehlabathini ngo-2017 kuzoba kuhle ngaphandle kokuchitha noma lokho kanti kufana nomoya wamanzi amnyama owenzayo kancinci kakhulu kakhulu kune-2,500 mg ngasentisimitara ngonyaka. Ngaleso simiso, lezi zimboni zisebenza kahle emakhaya aphakeme njengako kwezimali zemifula ephakeme apho abasebenzi bezidinga amathuba alungile, phakathi kwamathambo ekuphuleni amathambo apholile apho izinto ezichithayo ziphatha kakhulu, nokuya ezipheleni apho abasebenzi bakha bafundisa izindlela ezisetshenziswa ngamathambo okushayela umvuthi ngeminyaka yobudala.

Isibonelo: Ubunzima Bezimboni Zesikhangeli Somgqubela Wengubo Ezinzululwayo Emaphakethini Aphakeme

Ukubheka izinqamlezo zokugula eNtshonalanga yeNtla ngo-2022 kubonisa into ethile engalimelanga ngamandla eziqhamo ezizinyenzelwe. Lezinqubo kudinga imfundiso engu-73 iphesenti ngaphansi kokujuluka kunazo ezifakwa ngomoya ngemva yovelelwa kuya kungu-15. Yini okwenza lokhu kusebenze kahle? Ukuhlaka kwamanzi kunezici zokulungisa okuthintela ukuthi ukuxhasa akwazi ukuqala emaqedini amakhulu apho kuzodwa iziqhama. Noma kunjalo kube khona ukuchithwa ngezixhobo ezibomvu ezenziwa, ukuphepha kuye kuhlala kuyisivivincolo. Ngokwethu sibonileyo, lezi zinqamlezo ezizinyenzelwe kumele zilinde ngaphezu kuka-50 izinyanga ngaphambi kokuthi zishashwe kabusha. Lokhu kungu-3 amaxesha angaphezulu kunesiya esingafakiwa sokuvikela esisebenzisa emehlweni efana neyoli yesiliva.

Isikhombisi Sokuqala

Yintoni indlela eqondene yokusebenzisa izinqamlezo ezizinyenzelwe?

Izinqamlezo ezizinyenzelwe zinika inxenye yokuqina kakhulu, ubude bebuso obude, nokunciphisa izindleko zokuhlela kunazo ezifakwa ngomoya, zenzela njengoko kufanelekile kumathuba apheleleyo.

Kungani ukufakwa kwezinkciyo kusinda izikhumba zeziphathe?

Ukufakwa kwezincinci kusinda ngokwenzela ubuciko obusindisi okubamba ukuthi kutholakale kokuqala, kusinda izingcindezi ezinzima ekunqamuzeni nokuhlukunyamalala.

Kungani izikhumba ezigalvaniswe zihlaziyile kumazulu okhanyayo?

Izikhumba ezigalvaniswe zingasebenza kakhulu phakathi kwechloride ngaphandle kokuhlwempa, ngezimali zodade zibonisa ubude bezinhlalo elidlonge kunazo ezimbiyileyo emehlweni yamanzi amnyama.

Ziziphi iziphumo zomthelelo zokusebenzisa izikhumba ezigalvaniswe?

Ukusebenzisa izingcindezi ezigalvaniswe kususa izindleko zokuphatha kabusha kusuka ku-40% usuku ku-60% ngoba ziningi izindleko ephantsi zokulungiswa nezilungiso, kanye nezinyangwako ezingaphezu kwesikhathi.

Ngaba izikhumba ezigalvaniswe zingafakelwa ngokushesha?

Yebo, izikhumba ezigalvaniswe zinguququzelelo futhi zixhunywe ngezinto ezilandelayo, zihlenza ukufakwa ngokushesha emasuntwaneni.