Iplanki yaseStile yenziwe ngamafutha ayigalvanisi yisikhalo esiphambili ekuphulukweni kwezilwanyana zokuhlwa phakathi kweminyaka yezindawo ezinomkhulu wezimoya

Ukuhlanya Kwemilo Yenziwe Ngamafutha Ayigalvanisi Phakathi Kweminyaka Yezindawo Ezinomkhulu Wezimoya

Ukubona ukuthi imilo yenzima yiyiphi kusukela eminyakeni yezindawo ezinomkhulu wezimoya

Amaphlanke wezinkolo ezisebenziswayo kubuso bakhuphula kahle ubukhulu babo ngemvume yezinkolo. Umgcino wokuthola ukuthi ubukhulu bakho bakhuphula ngokugcwele kusukela ema-550 degrees Celsius noma ngokugcwele ema-1022 Fahrenheit. Amaphlanke awasebenzisa izinkolo zokugqamisa (galvanized) azinika umbono wokuvikela phakathi kwemvume yokuphakama kahle ngoba izinkolo zokugqamisa zihambisa umoya kancane kunamaphlanke amaningi. Ubunzima bezinhlobo zokuhambisa umoya bakhuphula kahle futhi — ngokugcwele i-29.7 watts per meter Kelvin kungaphansi kwe-45 yamaphlanke amaningi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amabhasi enesinkolo eseqogqamiswe ayinika imizuzu eyodwa ekhuluma ngemvume, kuzosiza abantu ukuthi bafike emkhathini wokuphela ngempilo futhi kuzosiza abafuna umoya ukuthi bavikela imvume ngaphambi kokuthi isinkolo sibuyele emva.

Ukuphakama kwezinkolo zokugqamisa kunye nezinkolo ezingagqamiswanga ngemvume

Amathesiti emalabho aphindiswe ukuthi izincwadi zezinkolo zezinkolo zizokhupha ngeminyaka eyishumi namashumi ayisithupha (okungukuthi ngeminyaka eyishumi namashumi ayisithupha) kunezincwadi ezingakhoziwa uma zihlukanwa ngemikhumbu yezinkolo zezinkolo. Ukuvikela kwezinkolo kuyophela uma ubunzima buphakamisa ngaphezu kwezinkolo zezinkolo zezinkolo (okungukuthi ngeminyaka eyishumi namashumi ayisithupha), ngoba ukuzimisa kuyaphinda kakhulu kulezi zinkolo. Ngokuchaza, izinkolo zezinkolo ezingakhoziwa ziyakwakha kabusha ngeminyaka eyishumi namashumi ayisikhombisa (okungukuthi ngeminyaka eyishumi namashumi ayisikhombisa). Kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi izinkolo zezinkolo ezikhuphiwe ngemzincwadi ziyakhupha ngeminyaka eyishumi namashumi ayisikhombisa (okungukuthi ngeminyaka eyishumi namashumi ayisikhombisa) ngeminyaka eyishumi namashumi ayisikhombisa. Lokhu kuthi ukuthi kuyakwakha kakhulu ukuvikela kwemithombo yezinkolo zezinkolo kumaphuzu wokugcina phambi kokuba kubhekene nokukhupha kakhulu.

Ukudala kwezinkolo zezinkolo futhi ukuthi kuyakwenzani kumaphuzu okuphakama

Kweminyaka engu-907°C noma ngokujulile (okuyi-1665°F), izinkabi zibegqama futhi zenza leliya lezinkabi ezilungileyo ezihlukene kusuka kumgodi wazo. Okudala lapha kuyisifundo esihle kakhulu ngoba ngalokhu kokuguqula kwisimo, umkhili wamanje ubeka amandla okugqamisa okungu-1.78 kJ ngagramu. Lokhu kusebenza njengomkhosi othemporary uma kubonwa ngamafolo. Kusukela kuleliya kufuna ukuthi kunezinkinga. Nakuba leliya lezinkabi libhala ubuhle bokuvikela ekwakhiweni, uma kugcinwa noma kuchithwa, umkhili wokuzayo uyabhekana nokuvikela kahle kwezinkabi zokuvikela kahle.

Ukuthintana kwezinkabi kumkhili wokuvikela kwezinkabi kumizimba yezinkabi ezingenayo

Amaphakathi amasha ayo ayezinc ayabonisa 70% yezimboni zokuphuma kwe-infrared, kodwa uma aphendulwa, abonisa ukuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphakanyiswa kwemissivity ngama-40% kunezinkolo zokubhala. Lokhu kubili kubhekise amaphakathi athiwe ngokufanele kakhulu ekususekeni kwemithambo yezibhamu—kunciphisa ukuphakanyiswa kwetempurecha ngama-18%—kepha kubhekise kakhulu ukuthi kuzokwazi ukuthatha izimboni zokuphuma kwe-radiant, kubeka ukuthi kuyizindawo zokuphakanyiswa kwetempurecha ngama-22% uma kubhekiswe kahle.

Ukuthi i-Zinc Coating Inqamba Kanjani Ukukhathazeka Kwesibhamu Sokuphila

Ukukhathazeka Kwetempurecha Nezinkinga Zokuvimbela Kwetempurecha Zamacothi Ayezinc

Izilayi zesitili esizincikile zisebenza ngokwamagika kwabiwa ngoba izinkuku ziyathatha umthelela xa zihamba kumaqondo. Uma izinkuku ziya kumkhala wakho wokuphela oko kubizwa ngokuthi 419° C noma 787° F, ziyathatha umthelela ngokungafani noko kuzokuphuma kuphambili. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kubheke isilayi sesinkuku oxide esikhulu ekuphambileni sokho kusenziwa njengokuthi kuyisilayi sokuhlinzeka phakathi kwezinye nezitili esikodwa. Amaphayipha aqondile kubonisa ukuthi lezi zilayi zesinkuku zingakwazi ukunciphisa umthelela owabhekwa yisitili ngokujwayelekile ngo-40% ngokwamaphayipha akhethekile kusasa. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi isitili esizincikile sisenze njengokuthi kuyisilayi sokuhlinzeka eminyakeni eyisibili yezinye eziphambili.

Ukuhlaziyisa Ukuphakama Kwesilinganisi Sombuso Ngokusebenzisa Isilayi Sesinkuku Sokuhlinzeka

Amakholi e-zinc eseqhathini esingama-1.8 (ngokugcwele ama-45 micrometers) ayinika amasubstrati we-steel isikhathi sesibili sokuphela ngamaminithi angu-18 kuya ku-22 kabefore ukufika kulezizimo ezingavumelekileyo zokuphakama kwesikhathi sokukhula kwezinkathi eziningi zokuzimisa izinkampani, okungaba phakade kwezinkathi eziningi zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani zokuzimisa izinkampani z......

Ubukhulu bezinkampani ze-zinc ngokuzimisa kwezinkathi eziningi zokuzimisa izinkampani

Izilimi zezinc eziyiswe kakhulu zibonisa ubukhulu obuhle be-stability yemichazimbo lapho zihlwa ngokuphelele kuzintemperatura ezide. Lezi zinto zinokugcina izilayiya zabo zezinc oxide zikhiqiza ngokuphelele ngeminyaka engu-30 noma kunye nempilo yazo ngamahhala angu-600, okusho ukuthi azikhiphe noma azithwale, kubhekise isithakazelo sasekhiqizweni. Kuphakathi kweprosesi yokugalvanize, kukho inkulumo eyodwa phakathi kwesinku ne-iron engaqondi kakhulu, ekhathunza njengomkhuthali wokuvikela isitayile ukusuka kuzokhala kakhulu kwe-oxidation. Amasithakazelo athuluzwe ngalezi zinto ayadlula ngempilo yakho ngoba aqinisa ukuthi asihlule noma akhwele, okuyindlela eyenkulu kubuso lwesikhungo noma kubuso lwesivuno lapho ubuciko buyisisekelo obubanzi.

Ukuhlaziya Kokusebenza: Iplank yezitayile ezigalvanized kubonakaliso lwemvutho noma kubizo lobuso lwesikhungo

Ukukhala Kwesitayile Ezigalvanized Ekuphakameni Kwamahhala

Kodwa kufakwa emaphazimboni aphuma ku-400° C, izinkamba zezinc zokugalvanisi zihlala zinamandla angu-85% ngokulingana nokuthi zibe nini kumakhanda okuhle. Lokhu kukhulu ngemiphumela yezinkambo ezingu-22 kunezinkamba zezinc ezingenayo inkampani yokuqondisa, ngokwesifundo esishicilelwe ku-Frontiers in Built Environment ngo-2025. Kungani lokhu kahle? Kuyindlela eyodwa, kusukela ku-mbili. Okokuqala, izinc ayikwazi ukuthumela umoya wokuphahla ngokushesha njengamadoda abaningi. Okwesibili, kubhekwa isithakazelo esithi sibonakala ngemuva kwe-450° C lapho ikampani yezinc yokuqondisa iyakha emanzini. Izilimi zokubhala ezisombulula izilinganiso zokuphahla nezilinganiso zokuthinteka zibonisa ukuthi lezi zinkamba zezinc zokugalvanisi zingasinda amathuba okuphahla okufanayo nge-ISO 834 ngemizuzu engu-38 kabusha, ngaphambi kokuthi izinkamba ziboneka zithinta ngaphezu kwezidingo zokuhle.

Ukuchaza Ngokulinganisa Kwemizuzwana Yokuqondisa Amakhanda: Izinkamba Zezinc Zokugalvanisi Nasezinkamba Eziningenayo Inkampani

Ukuhlolwa okulandela izindinganiso ze-ASTM E119 kubonisa ukuthi amapulangwe ensimbi acwebile angafinyelela lezo zindinganiso ezibalulekile zemizuzu engu-60 zokushisa ngenkathi ekhubazeka ngo-25% kuphela kunensimbi ejwayelekile ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo. Yini eyenza lokhu kwenzeke? Ukumbozwa nge-zinc empeleni kunciphisa ukushisa okukhishwa yindawo, kunciphisa amandla okukhipha cishe ngo-18%. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu lapho kusebenza imililo esezikhungweni lapho ukushisa kwakheka khona ngokushesha okukhulu. Lapho bebheka izivivinyo zangempela ezanyatheliswa ngo-2014 ephephabhukwini i-Construction and Building Materials, abacwaningi babona okuthile okumangalisayo. Ama-assembly ensimbi acwebile agcina ukuqina kwawo kwesakhiwo isikhathi esingaba ngu-43% lapho amazinga okushisa enyuka ngokushesha uma eqhathaniswa nezinguqulo ezingashintshiwe. Futhi uma kwenzeka kukhona ukuvaleka komgodi endaweni ethile ohlelweni, lokho kunezela eminye imizuzu engu-12 yokuvikela ngaphambi kokuba izinto ziqale ukuwa.

Izicelo Zangempela Ezisebenzayo Ezimisweni Zokwakha Ezingashisi

Amaphlanga amathu asebenziswa kakhulu kwezindawo zokugcina ezinkulungwane nezindawo zokubhala ngokuphatha kahle ukuthi zihambisana nokuthwasa. Amathuba okuhlelwa kwezindawo zokuziphatha kakhulu abafundiswe ukuthi lapho abasebenzisa lezi maphlanga emaphakathi ekhaya lokuphatha izikhathi esingama-1, lezi maphlanga asebenzisa izinkuku zokufaka ziyavumela ababhali ukusebenzisa izithayile ezingu-14% zingaphezu kwezisebenzisa kwezindawo zokuphatha ezingenabukhali, kodwa futhi zihambisana nokuthwasa kokuphatha kwemibhalo yezikhathi. Isiphumo? Izindawo ezizilinganiselwa ngokungabi nesiphiwo futhi zingaqasha kakhulu ukubhala, zonke zihambisana nokuthwasa. Lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu emazini lapho isikhundla siyisidingo, imikhumbi yezincwadi lapho kudingeka ukuthwasa kwezindawo zokubhala, futhi zonke izindawo lapho abantu badinga ukususa ngokushesha lapho kusengqondweni.

Amashilonga emikhuba yokufaka umkhakha ukuze kuvulekwe ukuthwasa kwezithayile zokubhala

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkulungwane zezinkuku ezinkulu zokuthwasa kwezinkulu

Izinsiza zesitili esizihlakaziswe ngamaphlanthi zasegalvanisi ziyadlala izinkulungwane ezinkulu zokusebenzisa izilayi zezinkolelo zezinc, aluminum, ne-magnesium. Ngokwemibono yezindustria ezenziwe ngo-2022, lezi zinkolelo eziphelele zinika ukuthintana kwezinye izinkolelo zezinc ngokuphakeme kwe-23% uma izintemperetsha ziphikisana ngaphezulu kwe-600° C. Yini okuyimfanelo kabo? Kuyizinto zokwenza izilayi ezinkulu zezinkolelo ezithandabuzwa kusuka emanzini futhi azikwazi ukugqibela noma kuphakanyiswa kahle. Lokhu kusiza ekubeni isitili sisebenza ngokuphelele ngokuthinta kwezintemperetsha ezinkulu ezitholakala emizini yezindustria. Ukuchaza kwemithombo yezinto ezenziwe ngo-2023 kufindwe lokhu okubi: lezi zilayi ezintsha zikhiyela ukuthintana kwezinye izinto zokusebenza ngokuphakeme kwe-18%. Lokhu akukho kubanzi, kodwa kusho ukuthi isitili singathola izintemperetsha ezinkulu ngaphambi kokufika emphakathini wokugqibela okunconywa njengokuthinta kwezinye izinto.

Izilayi zegeneresi elilandelayo zokuxhumana nokulinda isitili kusukela kocingo lwezinkolelo nekuphatha ukuthinta kwezintemperetsha

Izembozo ezintsha ezinama-phase amabili zihlanganisa izingqimba ze-zinc ezihlatshelelwayo nama-microspheres akhethekile ase-ceramic angena cishe kuma-degree angu-300 Celsius, akha ungqimba oluvikelayo lwamalahle konke lokhu kugcina ukuvikelwa kwawo ukugqwala kungonakalisiwe. Okwenza lokhu kuphumelela kugqame ngempela ukuthi kulungisa kanjani inkinga endala embonini lapho izinto zokuvikela umlilo zazivame ukuphazamisa izakhiwo zokulwa nokugqwala. Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu kubonisa ukuthi lezi zinhlelo ezihlangene empeleni zidlula ezingeni eliqinile le-ISO 12944 C5 lokumelana nokugqwala, futhi zihlala isikhathi eside ngamaphesenti angu-42 uma zihlolwe ngokumelene nomlilo ngokuvumelana namazinga e-ASTM E119. Abakhiqizi abaningi abasebenza ngamapulangwe ensimbi abaqaphela ukuthi ukusebenzisa ama-micron angu-60 kuya kwangu-80 kuyasebenza ukuze kutholakale ukuvikelwa okukhulu ngaphandle kokuchitha izinto noma imali.

Amasu Okuqamba Okuhlanganisa Izinhlelo Zensimbi Ezingashisi

Ukuhlanganisa Ukusebenza Kwezingodo Zensimbi Ezishintshiwe Ezinkombeni Nezindinganiso Zokwakha

Izinguquko ezinzima kwe-2023 International Building Code (IBC) zazongena ngokuthi kubhekwe ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe isicelo esisha sokusebenzisa izinkampani zokuphatha imithombo emihle kumaphuzu amaningi. Manje izindlu kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi kuzinikezwe i-EN 13501-1 certification, okusho ukuthi izinkampani zezikhumba kufanele zilinde isibonelo sezindawo zokuphatha ngokwesibonelo sokukhula kwemithombo kusukela ekubekeni kwazo kumaphuzu ngohhovisi lwesikhathi esingama-30 ngokwesiqephu se-ISO 834. Aba-architects nabengineers abasebenza kulezi zindawo kufanele bahlale bahlaziye iziphumo zokuzimela kwezinye izimpahla ngoba kukho ubuchwepheshe obukhombisa ukuthi izinkampani zezikhumba eziphathelwe ngokwezincwadi zizilungile kunezinye. Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi zinakwenzeka ukuthi zilungele kusukela ema-18 kuze kuma-22 eminye imizuzu ngokwesifundo sokulungiswa kokuphatha kumaphuzu njengoba kubonisiwe kwezindlela zokuzimela kwe-NFPA ezintsha kusukela ngo-2023. Lokho lokugcina ukuthi kuyinto eyodwa ekubhekweni kwezidingo zokuphatha kumaphuzu ezinzima kakhulu ezikwamanje kwezindawo zokwakha.

Izindlela Zokudesign Ukuthi Kwenziwe Isibonelo Sokuphatha Ngokwesibonelo Sokukhula Kwemithombo Kusukela Ekubekeni Kwazo Kuphuzu

Izinkinga ezingcono zokudesign ezibalulekile kumashisini okuphatha kumaphuzu kufaka isandla:

Izindlela zokufaka amaphetha ezinconywa kuzokwenza ukungahleli kwe-34% ngelixa yokuphakama kwesikhathi sokuchitha (ASCE 2023), ekubonisa ubukhulu bekuthatha isimo sokudesigna kwezinhlangano.

Ukuhlanya Ukugcina Kwezinkundla Zokuhlambulula Ngokuphakeme Nokuthintana Kwamandla Okuphakama

Ukufumana ubukhulu be-coating obuhle bungaba yinto efanelekile kakhulu kubabophi abadinga ukufikwa emibili kwezindlela zokusebenza ngokwesibini. Uma kukho izinkolo eziningi kuleli sithi (sikhuluma ngemikhumbuzo engu-250 noma ngaphezulu), oku kuyenza ukuthi izinto ziphulaphula kakhulu ngokugcina kwamandla emvula ngoba ilayiya yamandla iyadlala kabusha kunesikhathi esizodlala, futhi kususa ubuvikeleko ngeminyaka engu-8%. Okubhekiswe kakhulu nguzebenti ezinsukwini zezinsukwini zingakwazi ukwenza ngokwezinye indlela kodwa ukwenza ngokwezimbili. Ukudluliswa kwezindawo zokugalvanize ngokujwayelekileyo ngemikhumbuzo engu-120 nezintsha zezinc intumescent sealants kuyasebenza kahle kakhulu. Lokhu kuthola isilinganiso esiphelele sokubagcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwezilwanyana ngokugcina kwe......

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Kungani igalvanized steel iyasebenza kahle ngokugcina kwezilwanyana?

Izistilayo zesithili esizihlukanayo zisebenza kahle kumaqandile ngokwakhiwa kwazo kwezinkampani zezinkabi, okuyisibonelo sezinkabi esinconywa emoyeni, okunquma ukuthi umoya ushisa ukuhambana kanye nokwenza umbhali wokuhlinzekela, okuhlinzeka ukuthi isithili sibe yisimo sokuphepha ngemva yokuqondwa.

Uzinkabi ubuyekeza kanjani ukuthi isithili sishisa?

Uzinkabi ubuyekeza ukushisa ngokubuka izirayithi zemvelo kanye nokwenza umbhali owenziwa ukuncima ukuthi umoya ushisa uyathathwa, okukhomba isikhathi esibalulekile ekusenzeleni imiphumela yamaqandile.

Yiziphi iziphumo zokwenza izinkabi zezinkabi xa kufakwa emaqandileni?

Izinkabi zezinkabi ziyasebenza njengombhali wokushisa okuphansi kokushisa, okuvuselela ukuthi isithili sibe yisimo sokuphepha emaqandileni xa kushiswa kakhulu.

Kunezinto ezingafanele ukuzisebenzisa izistilayo zesithili esizihlukanayo?

Ngaphandle kwezinhlelo zokusebenza, uma umbhali wokuhlinzekela wezinkabi zezinkabi uyabulawa, isithili siyakwazi ukuthi ishisa kahle kakhulu, futhi kufuneka kwenziwe ukuchaza kakhulu ekusenzeleni imiphumela yamaqandile enkulu.